Passengers on the Sir Isaac Newton departing from Hamburg, arriving 24 April 1857 in New York

Home Page ... Index of Ships



ASCHER, ISRAEL was from Posen, Germany, age 36, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for ISRAEL ASCHER. [$]
BEKMANN, HEINRICH was from Brunswick, Germany, age 29, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for HEINRICH BEKMANN. [$]
BERGERT, CHRISTIAN was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 22, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CHRISTIAN BERGERT. [$]
BERGERT, HANS was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 20, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for HANS BERGERT. [$]
BERGFELD, JACOB was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 21, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for JACOB BERGFELD. [$]
BOETTCHER, CARL was from Prussia, Germany, age 3, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CARL BOETTCHER. [$]
BOETTCHER, JOHANN was from Prussia, Germany, age 36, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for JOHANN BOETTCHER. [$]
BOETTCHER, MARIA was from Prussia, Germany, age 38, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for MARIA BOETTCHER. [$]
BOETTCHER, WILHELM was from Prussia, Germany, age 6, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for WILHELM BOETTCHER. [$]
BOK, MAGARETHA was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 22, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for MAGARETHA BOK. [$]
BRAND, FRIEDERIKA was from Mecklenburg, Germany, age 17, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for FRIEDERIKA BRAND. [$]
CIVILINSKY, ROSALIE was from Posen, Germany, age 21, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for ROSALIE CIVILINSKY. [$]
COHN, H.L. was from Posen, Germany, age 31, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for H.L. COHN. [$]
DOEBLER, CHRISTIAN was from Prussia, Germany, age 1, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CHRISTIAN DOEBLER. [$]
DOEBLER, FRIEDRICH was from Prussia, Germany, age 37, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for FRIEDRICH DOEBLER. [$]
DOEBLER, JOHANN was from Prussia, Germany, age 5, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for JOHANN DOEBLER. [$]
DOEBLER, LOUISA was from Prussia, Germany, age 40, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for LOUISA DOEBLER. [$]
DOEBLER, WILHELM was from Prussia, Germany, age 7, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for WILHELM DOEBLER. [$]
DORNHEIM, DORIS was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 16, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for DORIS DORNHEIM. [$]
DORNHEIM, FRANZ was from Prussia, Germany, age 22, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for FRANZ DORNHEIM. [$]
DORNHEIM, J.F. was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 23, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for J.F. DORNHEIM. [$]
DUNFRIED, FRIEDERICH was from Mecklenburg, Germany, age 38, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for FRIEDERICH DUNFRIED. [$]
EGGERT, AUGUST was from Prussia, Germany, age 3, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for AUGUST EGGERT. [$]
EGGERT, CAROLINA was from Prussia, Germany, age 31, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CAROLINA EGGERT. [$]
EGGERT, FRIEDERICH was from Prussia, Germany, age 31, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for FRIEDERICH EGGERT. [$]
EGGERT, FRIEDERIKA was from Prussia, Germany, age arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for FRIEDERIKA EGGERT. [$]
EGGERT, WILHELM was from Prussia, Germany, age 5, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for WILHELM EGGERT. [$]
EGGERT, WILHELMINE was from Prussia, Germany, age 8, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for WILHELMINE EGGERT. [$]
EHLERS, CLAUS was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 25, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CLAUS EHLERS. [$]
EICHHOLZ, LIEBE was from Posen, Germany, age 25, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for LIEBE EICHHOLZ. [$]
EICHHOLZ, SIMON was from Posen, Germany, age 23, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for SIMON EICHHOLZ. [$]
FEDLER, HEINRICH was from Posen, Germany, age 32, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for HEINRICH FEDLER. [$]
FELIX, FRANZ was from Prussia, Germany, age 27, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for FRANZ FELIX. [$]
FISCHER, CARL was from Prussia, Germany, age 40, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CARL FISCHER. [$]
FOLSTER, FRIEDERICH was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 29, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for FRIEDERICH FOLSTER. [$]
HACKMANN, ADOLF was from Hanover, Germany, age 28, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for ADOLF HACKMANN. [$]
HACKMANN, U was from Hanover, Germany, age 28, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for U HACKMANN. [$]
HALINOVSKY, JOH. was from Posen, Germany, age 25, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for JOH. HALINOVSKY. [$]
HALINOVSKY, JOSEPH was from Posen, Germany, age arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for JOSEPH HALINOVSKY. [$]
HALINOVSKY, JULIANE was from Posen, Germany, age 23, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for JULIANE HALINOVSKY. [$]
HAMANN, CARL was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 22, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CARL HAMANN. [$]
HASSENBEIM, DOROTHEA was from Prussia, Germany, age 40, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for DOROTHEA HASSENBEIM. [$]
HASSENBEIM, F. was from Prussia, Germany, age 36, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for F. HASSENBEIM. [$]
HIRSCH, DOROTHEA was from Posen, Germany, age 38, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for DOROTHEA HIRSCH. [$]
HIRSCH, HUGO was from Posen, Germany, age 8, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for HUGO HIRSCH. [$]
HIRSCH, LEON was from Posen, Germany, age 12, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for LEON HIRSCH. [$]
HIRSCH, PHILIP was from Posen, Germany, age 42, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for PHILIP HIRSCH. [$]
HIRSCH, PHILIPINE was from Posen, Germany, age 15, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for PHILIPINE HIRSCH. [$]
HIRSCH, REGINE was from Posen, Germany, age 10, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for REGINE HIRSCH. [$]
HIRSCH, ULER--KE was from Posen, Germany, age 6, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for ULER--KE HIRSCH. [$]
HOFFMANN, AUGUSTE was from Prussia, Germany, age 3, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for AUGUSTE HOFFMANN. [$]
HOFFMANN, EMIL was from Prussia, Germany, age 11, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for EMIL HOFFMANN. [$]
HOFFMANN, EMILIE was from Prussia, Germany, age 40, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for EMILIE HOFFMANN. [$]
INDIG, BERTHA was from Posen, Germany, age 50, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for BERTHA INDIG. [$]
JASTROW, MICHAELIS was from Posen, Germany, age 17, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for MICHAELIS JASTROW. [$]
JASTROW, PHILIP was from Posen, Germany, age 22, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for PHILIP JASTROW. [$]
JENNER, CARL was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 23, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CARL JENNER. [$]
JESS, JOHANN was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 32, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for JOHANN JESS. [$]
JONS, HEINRICH was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 40, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for HEINRICH JONS. [$]
JOROSINSKY, LEIB was from Posen, Germany, age 28, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for LEIB JOROSINSKY. [$]
KLEINED, RUDOLF was from Prussia, Germany, age 24, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for RUDOLF KLEINED. [$]
KLUGLEIN, H. was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 20, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for H. KLUGLEIN. [$]
KOCH, MARIA was from Hanover, Germany, age 26, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for MARIA KOCH. [$]
KOETTKE, ---ISA was from Prussia, Germany, age 35, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for ---ISA KOETTKE. [$]
KOETTKE, CARL was from Prussia, Germany, age 13, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CARL KOETTKE. [$]
KOETTKE, CAROLINA was from Prussia, Germany, age 10, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CAROLINA KOETTKE. [$]
KOETTKE, MARIA was from Prussia, Germany, age 2, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for MARIA KOETTKE. [$]
KRANTZENSTEIN, LOUIS was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 18, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for LOUIS KRANTZENSTEIN. [$]
LANDSBERG, MARIANA was from Mecklenburg, Germany, age 22, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for MARIANA LANDSBERG. [$]
LESERGO, HEINRICH was from Prussia, Germany, age 35, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for HEINRICH LESERGO. [$]
LEVI, MOSSES was from Posen, Germany, age 16, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for MOSSES LEVI. [$]
LIDLICH, IDA was from Prussia, Germany, age 16, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for IDA LIDLICH. [$]
LINDEMANN, DAVID was from Prussia, Germany, age 21, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for DAVID LINDEMANN. [$]
MULLER, DANIEL was from Mecklenburg, Germany, age 46, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for DANIEL MULLER. [$]
MULLER, ERNESTINE was from Mecklenburg, Germany, age 36, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for ERNESTINE MULLER. [$]
OHM, FRIEDERICH was from Brunswick, Germany, age 26, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for FRIEDERICH OHM. [$]
OLDSCHWAYER, DETHLOF was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 7, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for DETHLOF OLDSCHWAYER. [$]
OLDSCHWAYER, JOHANN was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 5, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for JOHANN OLDSCHWAYER. [$]
OLDSCHWAYER, LENA was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for LENA OLDSCHWAYER. [$]
OLDSCHWAYER, MAX was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 9, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for MAX OLDSCHWAYER. [$]
OLDSCHWAYER, TH--NA was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 34, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for TH--NA OLDSCHWAYER. [$]
OLDSCHWAYER, U was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 31, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for U OLDSCHWAYER. [$]
OSTROVA, LENA was from Posen, Germany, age 20, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for LENA OSTROVA. [$]
PLAMBECK, CLAUS was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 22, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CLAUS PLAMBECK. [$]
QUANDT, CARL was from Mecklenburg, Germany, age 21, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CARL QUANDT. [$]
REIMERS, AUGUST was from Prussia, Germany, age 28, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for AUGUST REIMERS. [$]
REINKE, AUGUSTE was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 22, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for AUGUSTE REINKE. [$]
REINKE, CARL was from Prussia, Germany, age 50, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CARL REINKE. [$]
REINKE, LOUISA was from Prussia, Germany, age 50, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for LOUISA REINKE. [$]
REIYSHER, WILHELM was from Prussia, Germany, age 25, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for WILHELM REIYSHER. [$]
RICHTER, ALPHONS was from Prussia, Germany, age 20, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for ALPHONS RICHTER. [$]
RIEGENSTEIN, CHRISTOPH was from Mecklenburg, Germany, age 25, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CHRISTOPH RIEGENSTEIN. [$]
RIEGENSTEIN, LOUISE was from Mecklenburg, Germany, age 23, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for LOUISE RIEGENSTEIN. [$]
RIEGENSTEIN, SOPHIA was from Mecklenburg, Germany, age arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for SOPHIA RIEGENSTEIN. [$]
ROSENDORF, CARL was from Brunswick, Germany, age 28, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CARL ROSENDORF. [$]
SCHICHHOLZ, FRIEDERICH was from Prussia, Germany, age 30, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for FRIEDERICH SCHICHHOLZ. [$]
SCHNEIDER, LEILK was from Prussia, Germany, age 17, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for LEILK SCHNEIDER. [$]
SCHUBERT, HEINRICH was from Brunswick, Germany, age 30, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for HEINRICH SCHUBERT. [$]
SCHUBERT, METHA was from Brunswick, Germany, age 25, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for METHA SCHUBERT. [$]
SCHWARZ, OTTO was from Prussia, Germany, age 23, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for OTTO SCHWARZ. [$]
SIEVERS, EGGERT was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 20, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for EGGERT SIEVERS. [$]
SORNIG, JOEKIM was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 30, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for JOEKIM SORNIG. [$]
SORNIG, MARGARETHA was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 33, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for MARGARETHA SORNIG. [$]
STEIN, WULF was from Prussia, Germany, age 23, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for WULF STEIN. [$]
TAHLEN, MAGARETHA was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 24, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for MAGARETHA TAHLEN. [$]
TANG, MARIA was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 20, arriving .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for MARIA TANG. [$]
TLESS, G.H. was from Prussia, Germany, age 28, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for G.H. TLESS. [$]
TROMKE, GOTTLIEB was from Posen, Germany, age 36, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for GOTTLIEB TROMKE. [$]
WEIL, JOSEPH was from Prussia, Germany, age 17, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for JOSEPH WEIL. [$]
WESSOLOWSKY, CASPAR was from Prussia, Germany, age 18, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for CASPAR WESSOLOWSKY. [$]
WICH, HANS was from Schleswig Holstein, Germany, age 21, arriving .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for HANS WICH. [$]
WICHMANN, DAVID was from Mecklenburg, Germany, age 28, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for DAVID WICHMANN. [$]
WICHMANN, LENA was from Mecklenburg, Germany, age 21, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for LENA WICHMANN. [$]
WULF, ERNST was from Prussia, Germany, age 27, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for ERNST WULF. [$]
WULF, HEINRICH was from Mecklenburg, Germany, age 31, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for HEINRICH WULF. [$]
WULF, HENRIETTE was from Prussia, Germany, age 30, arriving as a steerage passenger .. She was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for HENRIETTE WULF. [$]
WULF, SALOMONN was from Posen, Germany, age 17, arriving as a steerage passenger .. He was intending to stay in the U.S.A.
Check the Source file [free] and Archives.com for SALOMONN WULF. [$]